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Pneus hiver en Europe

Exigences par pays, chaînes et clous

Depuis 2024, de nouvelles règles sur les pneus hiver s'appliquent dans la plupart des pays européens. Le marquage M+S n'est plus suffisant — le symbole 3PMSF est requis.

What Changed in 2024?

From October 1, 2024, in Germany, Austria, and other EU countries, tires with 3PMSF marking (Three Peak Mountain Snow Flake) — a pictogram of a mountain peak with a snowflake — are mandatory for winter driving. The old M+S (Mud and Snow) marking no longer meets the requirements.

Why does this matter? 3PMSF tires undergo special snow surface tests and provide better safety at temperatures below +7°C.

Country Classification by Requirement Type

Mandatory Periods

Fixed dates: winter tires mandatory regardless of weather

Situational Requirements

Winter tires required during winter conditions (snow, ice, frost)

Regional Rules

Requirements depend on region or altitude

Requirements by Country

🇦🇹 Autriche November 1 — April 15
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions. 3PMSF or M+S until 2024, only 3PMSF from 2024.
Fine from €35 to €5000
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains can replace winter tires on marked sections.
🇩🇪 Allemagne During winter conditions (situational)
Requirement Mandatory in snow, ice, frost, slippery conditions. From 01.10.2024 only 3PMSF.
Fine from €60 to €120
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm (4 mm recommended)
Notes Without winter tires in an accident — automatic partial liability.
🇨🇭 Suisse No mandatory period
Requirement Recommended. In accidents without winter tires — partial liability.
Fine No direct fine
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm (4 mm recommended)
Notes Insurance may deny claims.
🇮🇹 Italie November 15 — April 15 (varies by region)
Requirement Mandatory on marked roads. Alternative — chains in trunk.
Fine from €41 to €168
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Stricter requirements in Alps and Aosta Valley.
🇫🇷 France November 1 — March 31 (mountain regions)
Requirement Mandatory in 48 mountain departments (Loi Montagne).
Fine €135
Tread depth min. 3.5 mm
Notes Chains or snow socks — alternative.
🇵🇱 Pologne No mandatory period
Requirement Not mandatory, but recommended.
Fine None
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes In accidents without winter tires — possible partial liability.
🇨🇿 Tchéquie November 1 — March 31
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions or on marked sections.
Fine up to €80
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Mandatory on highways and expressways.
🇸🇰 Slovaquie November 15 — March 31
Requirement Mandatory when snow on road or temperature below 0°C.
Fine up to €100
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes On all wheels, including trailers.
🇭🇺 Hongrie November 1 — April 15 (during winter conditions)
Requirement Mandatory when snow or ice on road.
Fine up to €100
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Chains can be an alternative.
🇷🇴 Roumanie November 1 — March 31
Requirement Mandatory on roads with warning or during winter conditions.
Fine up to €200
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains may be mandatory on mountain roads.
🇧🇬 Bulgarie November 15 — March 1
Requirement Mandatory winter tires or chains.
Fine €25
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes M+S marking sufficient.
🇸🇮 Slovénie November 15 — March 15
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions.
Fine from €120 to €500
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes Alternative — summer tires + chains in trunk.
🇭🇷 Croatie November 15 — April 15
Requirement Mandatory on certain sections during winter conditions.
Fine up to €130
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains may be required on mountain passes.
🇷🇸 Serbie November 1 — April 1
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions or on marked sections.
Fine up to €50
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains mandatory in trunk during winter period.
🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina November 15 — April 15
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions.
Fine up to €75
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains recommended in mountainous areas.
🇲🇪 Montenegro November 15 — March 31
Requirement Mandatory on snow or ice.
Fine up to €150
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains mandatory on mountain roads.
🇲🇰 North Macedonia October 15 — March 15
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions.
Fine up to €45
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains mandatory on mountain sections.
🇦🇱 Albania No clear period
Requirement Recommended during winter conditions.
Fine None
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Chains recommended in mountainous regions.
🇽🇰 Kosovo November 1 — April 1
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions.
Fine up to €40
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Chains mandatory on passes.
🇹🇷 Turkey December 1 — April 1 (for trucks)
Requirement For cars — recommended. For trucks — mandatory.
Fine up to €50
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Chains mandatory on mountain passes.
🇬🇷 Greece No mandatory period
Requirement Recommended in mountainous regions.
Fine None
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Chains mandatory on some mountain roads.
🇧🇪 Belgium No mandatory period
Requirement Not mandatory.
Fine None
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes In accidents without winter tires — possible partial liability.
🇳🇱 Netherlands No mandatory period
Requirement Not mandatory.
Fine None
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Recommended when traveling to mountainous regions.
🇱🇺 Luxembourg During winter conditions
Requirement Mandatory in snow, ice, frost.
Fine up to €74
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes M+S or 3PMSF.
🇸🇪 Sweden December 1 — March 31
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions.
Fine up to €100
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed October 1 — April 15.
🇳🇴 Norway November 1 — first Sunday after Easter
Requirement Mandatory during winter conditions.
Fine up to €750
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed with fee in cities.
🇫🇮 Finland November 1 — March 31 (or later)
Requirement Mandatory during winter period.
Fine up to €100
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed November 1 — Monday after Easter.
🇩🇰 Denmark No mandatory period
Requirement Not mandatory.
Fine None
Tread depth min. 1.6 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed November 1 — April 15.
🇪🇪 Estonia December 1 — March 1
Requirement Mandatory winter tires.
Fine up to €400
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed October 15 — March 31.
🇱🇻 Latvia December 1 — March 1
Requirement Mandatory winter tires.
Fine up to €30
Tread depth min. 4 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed October 1 — May 1.
🇱🇹 Lithuania November 10 — April 1
Requirement Mandatory winter tires.
Fine up to €30
Tread depth min. 3 mm
Notes Studded tires allowed November 1 — April 1.

Chaînes à neige et snow socks

Dans de nombreux pays, les chaînes à neige ou les \"snow socks\" textiles sont obligatoires dans certaines zones.

When are chains required?

On road sections with the "Chains mandatory" sign (blue circular sign with chain symbol). Usually mountain passes and winding roads.

Types of Chains

Metal Chains

Classic option. Best grip on snow and ice. Requires practice to install.

Snow Socks (Textile)

Lighter, easier to install. EN 16662-1 standard. Allowed as alternative in most countries.

Spider / Spikes

Quick mounting. Suitable for passenger cars. More expensive than regular chains.

Type Comparison

Type Grip Installation Max Speed Price
Metal Chains Excellent Difficult 50 km/h €30-80
Snow Socks (Textile) Good Easy 50 km/h €50-120
Spider / Spikes Excellent Very easy 50 km/h €150-300

Pneus cloutés en Europe

Les pneus cloutés sont autorisés dans certains pays, mais interdits dans beaucoup d'\1utres en raison des dommages sur l'asphalte.

Autorisés en: Scandinavie, Autriche (Oct-Mai), Suisse (Nov-Avr), Italie (régions du nord uniquement).

Finland, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania — with date restrictions. Austria — only on some marked roads.

Countries Where Studs Are Banned

Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Slovenia, Italy (except South Tyrol), France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg.

Partial Restrictions

Switzerland — allowed but banned on motorways. Italy — allowed only in South Tyrol Nov 15-Apr 15.

Tableau récapitulatif par pays

Informations complètes sur les exigences en matière de pneus hiver dans 31 pays européens

Pays Obligatoire? Période Prof. min. Marquage Amende (€) Clous
🇦🇹 Autriche Oui (situationnel) Nov 1 - Apr 15 4 mm 3PMSF or M+S €100-10,000 Autorisés (Oct 1 - May 31)
🇧🇪 Belgium Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Interdits
🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina Oui Nov 15 - Apr 15 4 mm M+S €Variable Interdits
🇧🇬 Bulgarie Oui (situationnel) Nov 15 - Mar 1 4 mm M+S or 3PMSF €25 Interdits
🇭🇷 Croatie Oui (situationnel) Nov 15 - Apr 15 4 mm M+S or 3PMSF €100 Interdits
🇨🇿 Tchéquie Oui (situationnel) Nov 1 - Mar 31 4 mm (<3.5t), 6 mm (>3.5t) M+S or 3PMSF €55-92 Interdits
🇩🇰 Denmark Non N/A 3 mm N/A N/A Autorisés (Oct 1 - Apr 15)
🇪🇪 Estonia Oui Dec 1 - Mar 1 3 mm 3PMSF (since Dec 2022) €Variable Autorisés (Oct 15 - Mar 31)
🇫🇮 Finland Oui (situationnel) Dec 1 - Mar 31 3 mm M+S or 3PMSF €Variable Autorisés (Nov 1 - Mar 31)
🇫🇷 France Oui (régional) Nov 1 - Mar 31 1.6 mm 3PMSF + M+S (2024+) €135 Autorisés (Nov - Mar)
🇩🇪 Allemagne Oui (situationnel) When conditions require 1.6 mm 3PMSF only (since Oct 2024) €60 + points Interdits
🇬🇷 Greece Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Autorisés (if conditions)
🇭🇺 Hongrie Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Interdits
🇮🇹 Italie Oui (régional) Nov 15 - Apr 15 1.6 mm M+S (3PMSF preferred) €80-300+ Autorisés (Nov 15 - Mar 15 (<3.5t))
🇱🇻 Latvia Oui Dec 1 - Mar 1 4 mm 3PMSF (since Dec 2024) €Variable Autorisés (Oct 1 - May 1)
🇱🇹 Lithuania Oui Nov 10 - Apr 1 3 mm 3PMSF or M+S €Variable Autorisés (Nov 1 - Apr 9)
🇱🇺 Luxembourg Oui (situationnel) When conditions require 1.6 mm M+S or 3PMSF €Variable Autorisés (Dec 1 - Mar 31)
🇳🇱 Netherlands Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Interdits
🇳🇴 Norway Oui (situationnel) Nov 1 - after Easter 3 mm M+S or 3PMSF €Variable Autorisés (fees in cities)
🇵🇱 Pologne Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Interdits
🏳 Portugal Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Interdits
🇷🇴 Roumanie Oui (situationnel) Nov 1 - Mar 31 1.6 mm M+S or 3PMSF €Variable Autorisés (if conditions)
🇷🇸 Serbie Oui (situationnel) Nov 1 - Apr 1 4 mm M+S €Variable Interdits
🇸🇰 Slovaquie Oui (situationnel) Nov 15 - Mar 31 4 mm M+S or 3PMSF €50-100 Interdits
🇸🇮 Slovénie Oui Nov 15 - Mar 15 3 mm M+S €40-1,000 Interdits
🏳 Espagne Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Autorisés (Nov 15 - Mar 31)
🇸🇪 Sweden Oui (situationnel) Dec 1 - Mar 31 3 mm M+S or 3PMSF €Variable Autorisés (Oct 1 - Apr 15)
🇨🇭 Suisse Non N/A 1.6 mm (4 mm recommended) M+S or 3PMSF (recommended) €Liability risk Autorisés (Nov 1 - Apr 30)
🏳 Ukraine Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Autorisés (recommended)
🏳 Royaume-Uni Non N/A 1.6 mm N/A N/A Autorisés (speed limits)

Data current as of 2026. Please verify with official sources before traveling.

Conseils pratiques

Vérifiez la profondeur des sculptures

La plupart des pays exigent un minimum de 4 mm pour les pneus hiver.

Apprenez à monter les chaînes avant le voyage

Installer des chaînes par températures négatives sans expérience peut être très difficile.

Emportez les documents des pneus

Lors d'\1n contrôle, l'étiquette ou le certificat des pneus peut être demandé.

Vérifiez les mises à jour réglementaires

Les règles sur les pneus hiver changent — l'\1llemagne a introduit l'exigence 3PMSF en 2024.

Check Your Insurance

Some insurance companies may deny claims for winter accidents if the car had summer tires. Clarify policy terms.

Plan Your Route

Check requirements for all countries on your route. Rules can differ even in neighboring regions.

Questions fréquentes (FAQ)

Puis-je entrer en Allemagne avec des pneus M+S sans 3PMSF?
Depuis le 1er octobre 2024 — non. En cas de neige, verglas ou givre sur la route, les pneus marqués 3PMSF sont obligatoires. Amende à partir de 60€.
Quelle est la différence entre M+S et 3PMSF?
M+S (Mud and Snow) est un ancien marquage sans tests standardisés. 3PMSF (symbole montagne à trois pics avec flocon) garantit des tests réussis en conditions hivernales.
Quels pneus faut-il pour traverser l'\1utriche?
Du 1er novembre au 15 avril, par conditions hivernales, des pneus hiver avec une profondeur de sculpture minimale de 4 mm ou des chaînes à neige sont requis.
Où les pneus cloutés sont-ils interdits en Europe?
Les pneus cloutés sont interdits en Allemagne, Pologne, Tchéquie, Slovaquie, Hongrie, Roumanie, Bulgarie, Pays-Bas et Belgique.
Les snow socks sont-elles une alternative valable aux chaînes?
Oui, si elles sont conformes à la norme EN 16662-1. En Autriche et en Allemagne, elles sont acceptées comme alternative aux chaînes, mais dans les zones avec panneau "chaînes obligatoires", des chaînes métalliques peuvent être exigées.
How do I know if there's a "chains mandatory" sign?
Sign C.18 (blue circle with chain) is placed before sections where chains are mandatory. Navigation apps often warn about such sections.
Are Ukrainian winter tires valid in Europe?
If the tires have 3PMSF or M+S marking and meet tread depth requirements — yes. The main thing is the appropriate marking.
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